When applying to become a U.S. citizen, one of the key steps in the naturalization process is taking the civics test and the English test. These exams assess your knowledge of U.S. history, and government, and your ability to read, write, and speak in English. Understandably, many immigrants whose native language is Spanish wonder if it’s possible to take the test in Spanish instead of English.
The short answer is: yes, but only under certain conditions. Most applicants are required to take the test in English. However, the U.S. government does allow some exceptions based on age and length of permanent residency, and there are additional accommodations for those with medical disabilities.
If you’re still improving your English or worried about your ability to pass the test in English, working with a qualified English Tutor can help you get fully prepared—not only for the language portion but for understanding the civics concepts clearly and confidently.
The Standard Citizenship Test Format
Under normal circumstances, the naturalization interview includes three main parts that are conducted in English:
- A speaking test, is where a USCIS officer evaluates how well you understand and respond to spoken questions.
- A reading and writing test, where you must read one sentence and write one sentence in English correctly.
- The civics test, consists of up to 10 questions about U.S. history and government (you must answer at least 6 correctly to pass).
The entire process—application review, questions about your background, and all components of the test—are conducted in English unless you qualify for a specific exemption. This means being fluent enough to understand instructions, respond to questions, and read and write simple sentences is essential for most applicants.
Who Can Take the Test in Spanish?
The U.S. government recognizes that not all immigrants come to the country at a young age or have had the chance to study English fluently. That’s why the 50/20 and 55/15 exemptions exist.
Here’s how it works:
- If you are 50 years old or older and have been a lawful permanent resident (Green Card holder) for 20 years, you can take the civics test in your native language, including Spanish.
- If you are 55 years old or older and have had your Green Card for 15 years, the same rule applies.
In these cases, you’re allowed to bring an interpreter to your interview and take the civics test in Spanish. However, the English language test is waived entirely—you don’t have to prove reading, writing, or speaking skills in English if you qualify under either of these exemptions.
The Medical Disability Waiver (Form N-648)
If you don’t meet the age or residency requirements but have a physical or developmental disability, or a mental impairment, you may qualify for an exemption from both the English and civics requirements through Form N-648. This form must be completed by a licensed medical professional and submitted as part of your naturalization application.
It’s important to note that this is not an easy path—it requires clear medical documentation and must be approved by USCIS. However, for individuals with qualifying conditions, it’s a way to still pursue U.S. citizenship without facing barriers due to health limitations.
Even If You Qualify to Take the Test in Spanish, You Still Need to Prepare
Just because you’re allowed to take the test in Spanish doesn’t mean the interview will be easy. The civics portion of the exam includes topics such as U.S. government structure, historical events, and civic responsibilities. Even in your native language, these subjects may be unfamiliar or complicated, especially if you haven’t studied them in a long time.
That’s why it’s so important to prepare well in advance—review the 100 civics questions published by USCIS, practice mock interviews, and make sure you understand the concepts thoroughly.
If you’re planning to take the test in English, it’s crucial to get comfortable with basic sentence structures and vocabulary. Working with a professional tutor who understands both the naturalization process and the linguistic challenges of non-native speakers can make a significant difference in your preparation.
Why Learning English Still Matters Even If You’re Exempt
While exemptions exist, learning English remains one of the most empowering things an immigrant can do. Even if you are eligible to take the test in Spanish, having basic English communication skills will help you in everyday life—at work, at the doctor’s office, at your child’s school, and when dealing with public services.
More importantly, U.S. citizenship isn’t just about passing a test. It’s about becoming part of the community—understanding your rights, your responsibilities, and having a voice. English is often the bridge that connects you to those opportunities.
If you’re not yet fluent, now is the time to start. Enrolling in English classes near me will help you build the foundation you need—not just for the exam, but for a confident life in the U.S.
Final Thoughts
Yes, it’s possible to take the U.S. citizenship test in Spanish—but only if you meet specific age and residency qualifications. Most applicants are required to take the test in English, and those who don’t qualify for an exemption must demonstrate basic English reading, writing, and speaking skills.
Regardless of which path you’re on, learning American English will always benefit you. It helps you feel more independent, better connected, and more fully involved in the life you’re building in the United States. Whether you’re starting from scratch or brushing up on your skills, the right tutor or course can give you the confidence and clarity you need—not just to pass a test, but to thrive as a new citizen.
